Mkhalidwe panopa ndi njira chitukuko cha kubala zitsulo

Ma bearings amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina amigodi, zida zamakina olondola, zida zachitsulo, zida zolemera ndi magalimoto apamwamba kwambiri ndi zida zina zazikuluzikulu, kutulutsa mphamvu yamphepo, masitima apamtunda othamanga kwambiri ndi ndege ndi mafakitale ena omwe akubwera. makamaka mayendedwe otsika kwambiri ndi mayendedwe ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, kusonyeza kuwonjezereka kwapang'onopang'ono ndi kusowa kwapamwamba.Poyerekeza ndi mayiko akunja, pali kusiyana kwakukulu muzitsulo zapamwamba ndi zazikulu zazikulu.

China high-liwiro njanji okwera magalimoto oyendera ma wheelset zitsulo zonse ziyenera kutumizidwa kuchokera kunja. Mu mayendedwe ofunikira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzamlengalenga, njanji yothamanga kwambiri, magalimoto apamwamba ndi minda ina ya mafakitale, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mayendedwe aku China ndi zotsogola pankhani ya moyo wautumiki, kudalirika, mtengo wa Dn ndi kunyamula mphamvu.Mwachitsanzo, moyo wautumiki wa mayendedwe otengera magalimoto akunja ndi pafupifupi makilomita 500,000, pomwe moyo wautumiki wa mayendedwe apakhomo ndi pafupifupi makilomita 100,000, ndi kudalirika komanso kudalirika. bata ndi osauka.

1. Ndege

Monga gawo lofunikira la injini ya aero-injini, m'badwo wachiwiri wa injini ya aero-injini yokhala ndi chiwopsezo cha 15-20 ikupangidwa kunja, yomwe ili yokonzeka kusonkhanitsidwa kukhala womenyera m'badwo wachisanu cha 2020. M'zaka 10 zapitazi, United States yapanga m'badwo wachiwiri zitsulo zokhala ndi injini ya aero-injini, zomwe zitsulo zoyimilira ndizo CSS-42L, chitsulo champhamvu chambiri chopanda dzimbiri chokhala ndi 500 ℃ kukana, ndi X30 (Cronidur30), chitsulo chambiri cha nayitrogeni chokhala ndi dzimbiri. 350 ℃ kukana.China ikupanga m'badwo wachiwiri wopanga injini ya aero.

2. Magalimoto

Kwa mayendedwe amtundu wamagalimoto, mayendedwe amtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri (mabala a mpira) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku China, pomwe mayendedwe amtundu wachitatu akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Europe. , kuyika kosavuta, kusasintha, mawonekedwe ophatikizika ndi zina zotero.Pakalipano, zitsanzo zambiri zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja ku China zimagwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe opepuka komanso ophatikizika.

3. Railway rolling stock

Pakalipano, mayendedwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'sitima zapamtunda za njanji ku China amapangidwa ndi electroslag yapakhomo yotchedwa G20CrNi2MoA carburized steel.Ndipo kunja kuli ndi chitsulo choyera kwambiri (EP) chosungunula zitsulo ndi vacuum degassing inclusion homogenization (IQ) chitsulo, moyo wautali. zitsulo zamakono (TF) zitsulo, khalidwe labwino, ndi teknoloji ya kutentha kwa kutentha, njira yowumitsa mankhwala ndi njira zamakono zosindikizira zosindikizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga kupanga ndi kupanga, motero kumapangitsanso moyo wautumiki wa kubereka ndi kudalirika. zitsulo sizotsika chabe, komanso mtengo wake ndi 2000-3000 yuan / tani kuposa wa vacuum degassing zitsulo.M'tsogolomu, China iyenera kukhala ndi vacuum degassing yokhala ndi zitsulo zokhala ndi chiyero chapamwamba kwambiri, khalidwe labwino, homogenization ndi khalidwe lokhazikika kuti lilowe m'malo mwa kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zamakono za electroslag.

Kafukufuku wam'tsogolo ndi malangizo a chitukuko cha Bearing steel ku China

Zimawonekera makamaka m'mbali zinayi:

1. Ukhondo pazachuma

Pansi pa malingaliro a zachuma, ukhondo wa zitsulo umapitilizidwa bwino, zomwe zili ndi mpweya ndi titaniyamu muzitsulo zimachepetsedwa, ndipo gawo lalikulu la okosijeni ndi titaniyamu muzitsulo zonyamula ndi zosakwana 6 × 10-6 ndi 15 × 10- 6, motero.Zomwe zili ndi kukula kwa inclusions muzitsulo zimachepetsedwa, ndipo kufanana kwagawidwe kumakhala bwino.

2. Kusintha kwa bungwe ndi homogenization

Kupyolera mu kugwiritsa ntchito kamangidwe ka alloying ndi kuwongolera kuwongolera ndikuwongolera kuzirala, kufanana kwa ma inclusions ndi ma carbides kumapititsidwa bwino, ma carbides opangidwanso ndi omangika amachepetsedwa ndikuchotsedwa, kukula kwapakati ndi kukula kwa tinthu kocheperako kumachepetsedwa, ndipo pafupifupi kukula kwa carbides. ndi zosakwana 1μ m. Kukula kwambewu kwa zitsulo zokhala ndi zitsulo kumakonzedwanso mwa kuwongolera kukula kwa mbewu za matrix.

3. Chepetsani kuwonongeka kwa minofu yamphamvu

Komanso kuchepetsa chapakati porosity, chapakati shrinkage patsekeke ndi chapakati chigawo tsankho mu kubala zitsulo, kusintha yunifolomu dongosolo otsika mphamvu.

4. Kulimba kwakukulu kwazitsulo zonyamula

Kulimba kwa zitsulo zokhala ndi zitsulo kunapititsidwa bwino ndi kusakaniza kwatsopano, kukhathamiritsa kwa ndondomeko yotentha yotentha komanso kufufuza kwa kutentha kwa kutentha. (China Steel Research & Development Strategy Institute)

Chodzikanira: zojambula zapaintaneti, zomwe zaperekedwa kwa wolemba woyambirira zonse, monga kuphwanya, chonde lemberani kuti muchotse.