Kufikira 40 peresenti ya mbewu zamasamba zimatha kuwonongeka chifukwa cha kukongola kwa masitolo ena akuluakulu.Ngakhale masamba a wonky sangakhale osangalatsa kwambiri, ali ndi zakudya zofanana ndi zomwe zimafanana bwino.

Kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba kumatha kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira ma spall mumsewu wothamanga, kuvala kuchokera kumafuta osagwira ntchito, dzimbiri chifukwa chamankhwala owopsa mpaka zizindikiro zabodza zobwera chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwamphamvu.Ngakhale kupsinjika kwapamtunda kumatha kubweretsa zovuta monga kutentha kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa phokoso, kugwedezeka kwakukulu kapena kusuntha kwa shaft, si zolakwika zonse zakunja zomwe zimasokonekera pakuwonongeka kwa makina amkati.

Kuwonongeka ndizochitika mwachilengedwe komanso njira yodziwika bwino yowonongera pamtunda yomwe oyang'anira mafakitale amafuta ndi gasi ayenera kulimbana nayo.Pali mitundu khumi yayikulu ya dzimbiri, koma dzimbiri zokhala ndi dzimbiri nthawi zambiri zimagwera m'magulu awiri akuluakulu - chinyezi kapena dzimbiri.Zakale ndizokhazikika kwachilengedwe, koma zimatha kuwoneka pagawo lililonse lacho, ndikupanga wosanjikiza wowopsa wa oxide chifukwa chakuchita kwamankhwala ndi chitsulo pamwamba.

Mwachitsanzo, m'migodi ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ma bearings nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chinyezi kapena alkalinity pang'ono chifukwa chokhudzana ndi madzi a m'nyanja.Kudzimbirira pang'ono kumatha kupangitsa kuti pakhale madontho opepuka, koma pakavuta kwambiri, kumatha kupangitsa kuti pakhale matope, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zimbiri zizilowa mumsewu wothamanga.Pachifukwa ichi, dzimbiri nthawi zambiri zimadziwika kuti mdani wachilengedwe wa mayendedwe.

Kuwonongeka sikungochititsa mantha;Zitha kukhudzanso kwambiri chuma chabizinesi.Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa IMPACT wochitidwa ndiMalingaliro a kampani NACE International, bungwe lotsogola kwambiri padziko lonse lothana ndi dzimbiri, akuti 15-35 peresenti ya dzimbiri pachaka zikanapulumutsidwa ngati atatsatiridwa njira zabwino zothana ndi dzimbiri.Izi zikufanana ndi kusunga pakati pa US$375 ndi $875 biliyoni pachaka padziko lonse lapansi.

Mdani?

Ndikosatheka kunyalanyaza kufunika kwa ndalama za dzimbiri, komabe kukana kwa dzimbiri kuyenera kuganiziridwa pamodzi ndi zofunikira zina zogwirira ntchito monga kukhala ndi moyo wautali ndi katundu.

Taganizirani izi monga chitsanzo.Makina obowola amafunikira kuti azigwira ntchito molondola koma ayeneranso kugwira ntchito mosakhululuka.Chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwa malo opangira mafuta ndi gasi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisamachite dzimbiri.Ngati injiniya wojambula angasankhe kukhala ndi chimbalangondo chopanda dzimbiri chopangidwa kuchokera ku polyether ether ketone (PEEK), izi zitha kuletsa dzimbiri m'mayendedwe ake, koma kulondola kwa makinawo kungasokonezedwe.Munkhaniyi, kusankha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cholondola kwambiri chokhala ndi zozungulira mokulirapo pomwe kulola dzimbiri lachiphamaso kungakhale kwabwino.

Poyesa kuyenerera ndi ubwino wa mayendedwe, ndikofunika kuyang'ana kupyola kukongola kwakunja.Kuwongolera corrosion ndi chinthu chimodzi chokha chomwe chimafunikira pakugwirira ntchito, zomwe sizimafanana ndi kusachita bwino kapena kukhudza kusuntha kwamkati kwa bearing.

Kuonetsetsa kuti zida zoyenera zasankhidwa ndiye gawo loyamba - ndipo izi ndizofunikira pamakina akulu akulu ndi zigawo zing'onozing'ono, monga mayendedwe.Mwamwayi, oyang'anira malo akunyanja amatha kuyeza zomwe amafunikira ndipo amatha kusankha kuthana ndi dzimbiri panthawi yopanga.Nazi njira zitatu zowongolera dzimbiri zomwe muyenera kuziganizira:

A-Zinthu kusankha

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndiye chisankho chodziwikiratu kwambiri chokana dzimbiri ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani amafuta ndi gasi akunyanja.Ilinso ndi zinthu zina zopindulitsa monga kukhazikika komanso kukana kutentha.440 grade zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimakhala ndi kukana bwino m'malo achinyezi ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamakampani monga chakudya ndi zakumwa.Komabe, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za 440 zimakhala zosakanizidwa bwino ndi madzi amchere ndi mankhwala ambiri amphamvu, kotero kuti m'madera ovuta a m'mphepete mwa nyanja 316 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zingaganizidwe.Komabe, popeza chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 316 sichingawumitsidwe, mayendedwe a 316 ndi oyenera kunyamula katundu wochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito liwiro lotsika.Kulimbana kwawo ndi dzimbiri kumakhala bwino kwambiri pakakhala mpweya wokwanira kotero kuti mayendedwewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamwamba pa madzi, m'madzi a m'nyanja oyenda kapena pamene makwerero amatha kutsukidwa pambuyo pa kumizidwa m'madzi a m'nyanja.

Njira ina yakuthupi ndi ceramic.Miyezo yonse ya ceramic yopangidwa kuchokera ku zirconia kapena silicon nitride yokhala ndi PEEK cages imatha kupereka milingo yayikulu kwambiri yokana dzimbiri ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumizidwa kwathunthu.Mofananamo, zitsulo zapulasitiki, zokhala ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 316 kapena mipira yagalasi, zimapereka kukana kwabwino kwa dzimbiri.Izi nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kuchokera ku utomoni wa acetal (POM) koma zida zina zimapezeka chifukwa cha asidi amphamvu ndi alkalis monga PEEK, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ndi polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF.Monga mayendedwe a giredi 316, izi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakulemedwa kochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera.

Mulingo wina wa zida zolimbana ndi dzimbiri, ndi zokutira zoteteza.Chromium ndi nickel plating zimapereka kukana kwa dzimbiri bwino m'malo ochita dzimbiri.Komabe, zokutira pamapeto pake zimalekanitsidwa ndi kunyamula ndipo zimafunikira kukonzedwa kosalekeza.Iyi si njira yothandiza kwambiri pamapulogalamu akunyanja.

B-mafuta

Mafuta opangira mafuta amapereka filimu yopyapyala pakati pa madera okhudzana ndi mayendedwe kuti achepetse kukangana, kutaya kutentha ndi kuletsa dzimbiri pa mipira ndi mpikisano.Kuvuta kwa pamwamba ndi mtundu wamafuta ndizofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza ngati kupsinjika kwapamtunda kudzachitika kapena ayi.

Kusankha zinthu zolondola zamafuta.M'malo omwe kuwonongeka kwachiphamaso kumatha kuchitika kunja kwa chotengeracho, sikuyenera kuloledwa kuchitika mkati.Ma SMB Bearings amatha kupereka zomata zosindikizidwa zokhala ndi mafuta osalowa madzi omwe ali ndi zoletsa corrosion.Mafutawa amateteza malo amkati mwazonyamula ndipo amatha kufananizidwa ndi malo omwe amagwiritsira ntchito kunyanja.Ma bere a ceramic athunthu nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa popanda mafuta koma amatha kupakidwa mafuta osalowa madzi kwa moyo wautali.

C-Zisindikizo

M'malo ovuta, chitetezo choyipitsidwa ndichofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa chake kusankha chosindikizira ndikwabwino kuwonetsetsa kuti zoipitsidwa sizilowa m'bokosi.Pazida zomwe zitha kuwonetsedwa ndi chinyezi, chosindikizira cholumikizira chidzaperekanso kukana kwamadzi.Izi zidzasiya kutsuka kwa mafuta kuchokera pazitsulo, kuzilola kuti zigwire ntchito yake popaka mafuta ndi kuteteza malo amkati a chimbalangondo.Njira ina ndi chishango chachitsulo koma izi zimapereka chitetezo chochepa kwambiri ku chinyezi.

Poyang'ana malo ogwirira ntchito, kutalika kwautali ndi katundu zomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito pazitsulo, zomwe zimagwira bwino kwambiri zingakhale "wonky masamba" odzichepetsa osati omwe amakhalabe owoneka bwino kwa nthawi yayitali.Poganizira momwe chilengedwe chimagwirira ntchito, akatswiri opanga mapangidwe amatha kudziwa ngati kusankha mawonekedwe owongolera dzimbiri kungakhale kokwera mtengo kwambiri, kuonjezera moyo wanthawi zonse ndikukweza magwiridwe antchito a makina.